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Human Disease Gene Search
GREM1 Gene Summary Expression Other Species Expression JBrowse Gene Official Symbol GREM1 Official Full Name gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist CGNC ID 49499 also known as Drm, gremlin-1|Down-regulated by v-mos|gremlin 1 homolog, cysteine knot superfamily|gremlin 1, cysteine knot superfamily, homolog, Gremlin-1, drm gene type protein-coding
Genomic Map Sequence Information Gene Expression Orthology Gene Ontology Molecular Function cytokine activity , protein tyrosine kinase activator activity , receptor agonist activity , more... vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding Biological Process branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis , cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis , more... cell-cell signaling , collagen fibril organization , determination of dorsal identity , embryonic limb morphogenesis , mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis , negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway , negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation , negative regulation of bone remodeling , negative regulation of bone trabecula formation , negative regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis , negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway , negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation , negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation , negative regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation , negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated , positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus , positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity , positive regulation of angiogenesis , positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis , positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation , positive regulation of cell proliferation , positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation , positive regulation of receptor internalization , positive regulation of telomerase activity , positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in myocardial precursor cell differentiation , proximal/distal pattern formation , regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition , regulation of focal adhesion assembly , ureteric bud formation Cellular Component cell surface , extracellular space
Links to other databases
Entry 1 GEISHA Id Drm.Huillard.2004 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show GATGGTCCGCACACTGTATGCCATCGGCGCTGTGTTTCTTCTGACGGGATTTCTGCTACCGACAGCAGAAGGGAGAAAG
Citation Huillard E, Marx M. Localized Expression of drm/gremlin in the Central Nervous System of the Chicken Embryo. Dev Dyn. 2004 Mar;229(3):688-94. Copyright Copyright © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-24
stage 19
Eye 25-30 stage 26
stage 29
Eye 31-42 stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 36
stage 40
stage 40
stage 40
stage 40
stage 40
stage 42
stage 42
stage 42
Diencephalon Eye Forebrain Spinal Cord Telencephalon
Entry 2 GEISHA Id Gremlin.Nissim.2006 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TGGCAGCGCTCAGCCCCGCCGCGCCCCGCCGAGGAGCCGCCGCCGAGCCGGGCCCCCGAGGAGCAGCCGACGCCGCGCA
Citation Nissim S, Hasso SM, Fallon JF, Tabin CJ. Regulation of Gremlin expression in the posterior limb bud. Dev Biol. 2006 Nov 1;299(1):12-21. Epub 2006 May 26. Copyright Copyright © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments DIG-labeled probes were generated for Gremlin (Capdevila et al., 1999)... who indicated the clone used was Acc# AF045799
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-22 stage 22
Wing Mesenchyme
Entry 3 GEISHA Id Drm.Bardot.2004 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TGGCAGCGCTCAGCCCCGCCGCGCCCCGCCGAGGAGCCGCCGCCGAGCCGGGCCCCCGAGGAGCAGCCGACGCCGCGCA
Citation Bardot B, Lecoin L, Fliniaux I, Huillard E, Marx M, Viallet JP. Drm/Gremlin, a BMP antagonist, defines the interbud region during feather development. Int J Dev Biol. 2004;48(2-3):149-56. Copyright "Reprinted from Int. J. Dev. Biol., 48, Bardot B, Lecoin L, Fliniaux I, Huillard E, Marx M, Viallet JP, Drm/Gremlin, a BMP antagonist, defines the interbud region during feather development, 149-56, Copyright (2004), with permission from Copyright © 2004 UBC Press". All rights reserved. Comments According to authors , "Probe described in Zhang et al., 2000." As information provided was insufficient to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc #NM_204978).
Entry 4 GEISHA Id GREMLIN.Tomas.2011 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TGGCAGCGCTCAGCCCCGCCGCGCCCCGCCGAGGAGCCGCCGCCGAGCCGGGCCCCCGAGGAGCAGCCGACGCCGCGCA
Citation Tomás AR, Certal AC, Rodríguez-León J.
FLRT3 as a key player on chick limb development.
Dev Biol. 2011 Jul 15;355(2):324-33.
Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc # AF045799.1).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 13-14 stage 14
stage 14
stage 14
Wing Mesenchyme
Entry 5 GEISHA Id GREMLIN.Dunn.2011 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TGGCAGCGCTCAGCCCCGCCGCGCCCCGCCGAGGAGCCGCCGCCGAGCCGGGCCCCCGAGGAGCAGCCGACGCCGCGCA
Citation Dunn IC, Paton IR, Clelland AK, Sebastian S, Johnson EJ, McTeir L, Windsor D, Sherman A, Sang H, Burt DW, Tickle C, Davey MG. The chicken polydactyly (Po) locus causes allelic imbalance and ectopic expression of Shh during limb development. Dev Dyn. 2011 May;240(5):1163-72. Copyright Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc # AF045799.1).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 25-27 stage 27
stage 27
Leg
Entry 6 GEISHA Id GREM1.Wade.2012 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show GCAGCGCTCAGCCCCGCCGCGCCCCGCCGAGGAGCCGCCGCCGAGCCGGGCCCCCGAGGAGCAGCCGACGCCGCGCAGG
Citation Wade C, Brinas I, Welfare M, Wicking C, Farlie PG.
Twist2 contributes to termination of limb bud outgrowth and patterning through direct regulation of Grem1. Dev Biol. 2012 Oct 1;370(1):145-53.
Copyright Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-24 stage 23
stage 23
Leg 25 stage 25
stage 25
stage 25
stage 25
Leg
Entry 7 GEISHA Id GREMLIN.Kriebitz.2009 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show ATCCTTTTAGTTTAATTTCAATACATCCTCCCCATCTGCAAAAACGGGGACGATACAAATCTGTTTGTTAGATCTGCAC
Citation Kriebitz NN, Kiecker C, McCormick L, Lumsden A, Graham A, Bell E. PRDC regulates placode neurogenesis in chick by modulating BMP signalling. Dev Biol. 2009 Dec 15;336(2):280-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.10.013. Epub 2009 Oct 15. Copyright Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI ACC.#NC_006092.3
no images
Entry 8 GEISHA Id Gremlin.Tzahor.2003 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TGGCAGCGCTCAGCCCCGCCGCGCCCCGCCGAGGAGCCGCCGCCGAGCCGGGCCCCCGAGGAGCAGCCGACGCCGCGCA
Citation Tzahor E, Kempf H, Mootoosamy RC, Poon AC, Abzhanov A, Tabin CJ, Dietrich S, Lassar AB. Antagonists of Wnt and BMP signaling promote the formation of vertebrate head muscle. Genes Dev. 2003 Dec 15;17(24):3087-99. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc #AF045799.1).
Entry 9 GEISHA Id Drm.Bardot.2001 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show GATGGTCCGCACACTGTATGCCATCGGCGCTGTGTTTCTTCTGACGGGATTTCTGCTACCGACAGCAGAAGGGAGAAAG
Citation Bardot B, Lecoin L, Huillard E, Calothy G, Marx M. Expression pattern of the drm/gremlin gene during chicken embryonic development. Mech Dev. 2001 Mar;101(1-2):263-5. Copyright Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Comments The complete cDNA template sequence was obtained from the information in the publication as described in Bardot et al. 2001. Drm is also known as GREM1 in NCBI.
Entry 10 GEISHA Id gremlin.Ohyama.2001 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TCCTCCTGACAAGGATCAGCCCAATGATTCAGAGCAGATGCAGACACAGCAGCAGTCAGGCTCCAGGCATCGAGAAAGA
Citation Ohyama A, Saito F, Ohuchi H, Noji S. Differential expression of two BMP antagonists, gremlin and Follistatin, during development of the chick feather bud. Mech Dev. 2001 Feb;100(2):331-3. Copyright Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Comments The complete cDNA template sequence was obtained from the information from the publication as described in Ohyama et al., 2001.
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 31-44 stage 31
stage 31
stage 31
stage 36
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 37
stage 44
stage 44
Dermis Feathers/Scutae
Mouse Frog Fruit Fly Zebra Finch Zebrafish
