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Human Disease Gene Search
PAX2 The human orthologue of this gene is associated
Gene Summary Expression Transcript Levels Other Species Expression JBrowse Gene Official Symbol PAX2 Official Full Name paired box 2 CGNC ID 4240 also known as PAX-2, paired box protein Pax-2|paired box gene 2|paired-box containing protein Pax-2, PAX2, paired box gene 2 gene type protein-coding
Genomic Map Sequence Information Gene Expression Orthology Gene Ontology Molecular Function Biological Process Cellular Component
Links to other databases
Entry 1 GEISHA Id Pax2.Noden.2006 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Noden DM, Francis-West P. The differentiation and morphogenesis of craniofacial muscles. Dev Dyn. 2006 May;235(5):1194-218. Review. Copyright Copyright © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 13-16
stage 16
Head Mesenchyme
Entry 2 GEISHA Id PAX2.Hurtado.2006 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Hurtado R, Mikawa T. Enhanced sensitivity and stability in two-color in situ hybridization by means of a novel chromagenic substrate combination. Dev Dyn. 2006 Oct;235(10):2811-6. Copyright Copyright © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Entry 3 GEISHA Id PAX2.Ishii.2007 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show AAGTAGCGACCCCCAAAGTAGTGGATAAAATCGCCGAGTACAAGAGACAAAACCCCACCATGTTCGCTTGGGAGATTCG
Citation Ishii Y, Langberg JD, Hurtado R, Lee S, Mikawa T. Induction of proepicardial marker gene expression by the liver bud. Development. 2007 Oct;134(20):3627-37. Epub 2007 Sep 12. Copyright Published by The Company of Biologists 2007. This material is protected by a copyright retained by the authors. Permission granted by T. Mikawa. Comments Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793) using the primers given in the publication: chick/quail Pax2 (c/qPax2) forward primer, 5'-AAGTAGCGACCCCCAAAGTAGTG-3' and reverse primer 5'-CCCTCGGATACATCTTCATCACG-3'.
Entry 4 GEISHA Id Pax2.Sanchez-Calderon.2005 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Sánchez-Calderón H, Martín-Partido G, Hidalgo-Sánchez M. Pax2 expression patterns in the developing chick inner ear. Gene Expr Patterns. 2005 Aug;5(6):763-73. Copyright Reprinted with permission from Elsevier. Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments According to authors , "The chick Pax2 probe was a PCR-amplified product from total chick embryo cDNA. The chick Pax2 fragment spans the region between amino acids 83 and 365 (Adams et al., 1992). We used XbaI and T7 RNA polymerase to obtain the antisense Pax2 probe. For the chick Bmp4 subclone (Francis et al., 1994 P.H. Francis, M.K. Richardson, P.M. Brickell and C. Tickle, Bone morphogenetic proteins and a signalling pathway that controls patterning in the developing chick limb, Development 120 (1994), pp. 209218. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (320)Francis et al., 1994), we used ClaI and T7, and XbaI and T3 enzymes to generate antisense and sense probes, respectively. All riboprobes were labeled with digoxigenin-d-UTP (Roche) according to the manufacturer's instructions." As information provided was insufficient to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc # NM 204793)
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-24 stage 20
stage 20
stage 20
stage 20
stage 20
stage 20
stage 24
stage 24
stage 24
stage 24
stage 24
stage 24
stage 24
stage 24
Ear/Otic Placcode 25-30 stage 27
stage 27
stage 27
stage 27
stage 27
stage 27
Ear/Otic Placcode 31-34 stage 34
stage 34
stage 34
stage 34
stage 34
stage 34
Ear/Otic Placcode
Entry 5 GEISHA Id Pax2.Maden.2007 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Maden M, Blentic A, Reijntjes S, Seguin S, Gale E, Graham A. (2007). Retinoic acid is required for specification of the ventral eye field and for Rathke's pouch in the avian embryo. Int J Dev Biol. 2007;51(3):191-200. Copyright "Reprinted from Int. J. Dev. Biol., 51, Maden M, Blentic A, Reijntjes S, Seguin S, Gale E, Graham A, Retinoic acid is required for specification of the ventral eye field and for Rathke's pouch in the avian embryo, 191-200, Copyright (2007), with permission from Copyright © 2007 UBC Press". All rights reserved. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc #NM_204793). Images are quail, but sequence and map shown are chick.
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 13-18 stage 14
stage 18
Eye 31-44 stage 44
Eye
Entry 6 GEISHA Id PAX2.Peters.2002 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Peters MA, Cepko CL (2002). The dorsal-ventral axis of the neural retina is divided into multiple domains of restricted gene expression which exhibit features of lineage compartments. Dev Biol. 2002 Nov 1;251(1):59-73. Copyright "Reprinted from Developmental Biology, 251(1), Peters MA, Cepko CL, The dorsal-ventral axis of the neural retina is divided into multiple domains of restricted gene expression which exhibit features of lineage compartments, 59-73, Copyright (2002), with permission from Elsevier". Copyright © ( 2002) Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments According to authors , "Probes for Pax2,
Bmp4, Tbx5, SOHo, ephrin-B1, ephrin-B2, EphB1-B3, ALDH3/ALDH6, and ALDH1 were prepared as described (refs)." As information provided was insufficient to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc #NM_204793).
Entry 7 GEISHA Id PAX2.James.2005 Data Source Publication Forward cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation James RG, Schultheiss TM. Bmp signaling promotes intermediate mesoderm gene expression in a dose-dependent, cell-autonomous and translation-dependent manner. Dev Biol. 2005 Dec 1;288(1):113-25. Epub 2005 Oct 21. Copyright Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 7-11 stage 11
Paraxial Mesoderm
Entry 8 GEISHA Id PAX2.Streit.2002 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Streit, A. Extensive cell movements accompany formation of the otic placode. 2002 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 249(2), 237-54. Copyright "Reprinted from Developmental Biology, 249(2), Streit A., Extensive cell movements accompany formation of the otic placode, 237-54, Copyright (2002), with permission from Elsevier".
Copyright © (2002) Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Entry 9 GEISHA Id PAX2.Zhang.2001 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Zhang XM, Yang XJ (2001). Temporal and spatial effects of Sonic hedgehog signaling in chick eye morphogenesis. Dev Biol. 2001 May 15;233(2):271-90. Copyright Copyright © 2001 Academic Press. All rights reserved. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-24 stage 22
stage 22
stage 24
stage 24
Eye
Entry 10 GEISHA Id Pax2.Baker.2000 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Baker CV, Bronner-Fraser M. Establishing neuronal identity in vertebrate neurogenic placodes. Development. 2000 Jul
Comments As insufficient information is provided in the publication to verify the exact sequence used to synthesize the probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc # NM_204793.1).
Entry 11 GEISHA Id PAX2.Wilm.2004 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Wilm B, James RG, Schultheiss TM, Hogan BL (2004). The forkhead genes, Foxc1 and Foxc2, regulate paraxial versus intermediate mesoderm cell fate. Dev Biol. 2004 Jul 1;271(1):176-89. Copyright Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 31-36 stage 36
Nephric Ducts Nephric Tubules
Entry 12 GEISHA Id Pax-2.Groves.2000 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Groves AK, Bronner-Fraser M. Competence, specification and commitment in otic placode induction. Development. 2000 Aug;127(16):3489-99.
Copyright This material is protected by copyright. The Company of Biologists' (publishers of Development) hold an Exclusive License obtained from the authors, who retain copyright. Comments According to the authors, chick Pax-2 was provided by Domingos Henrique. As information provided is insufficient to verify exact sequence used to synthesize the probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (Acc# NM_204793.1)
Entry 13 GEISHA Id PAX2.Halilagic.2007 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Halilagic A, Ribes V, Ghyselinck NB, Zile MH, Dollé P, Studer M. Retinoids control anterior and dorsal properties in the developing forebrain. Dev Bio 2007 Mar 1;303(1):244-58 Copyright Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.
Copyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc # NM_204793.1). Images are quail, but sequence and map shown are chick.
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19 stage 19
stage 19
Eye
Entry 14 GEISHA Id PAX2.Chambers.2006 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Chambers, D, Mason, I, A high throughput messenger RNA differential display screen identifies discrete domains of gene expression and novel patterning processes along the developing neural tube. BMC Dev Biol. 2006; 6: 9. Published online 2006 February 24. Copyright Copyright © 2006 Chambers and Mason; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc # NM_204793.1).
Entry 15 GEISHA Id PAX2.Abello.2010 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Abelló G, Khatri S, Radosevic M, Scotting PJ, Giráldez F, Alsina B., Independent regulation of Sox3 and Lmx1b by FGF and BMP signaling influences the neurogenic and non-neurogenic domains in the chick otic placode. Dev Biol. 2010 Mar 1;339(1):166-78. Epub 2010 Jan 4. Copyright Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc #NM_204793.1).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 1-3 stage 1
stage 1
stage 1
stage 1
7-10 stage 8
stage 8
stage 9
stage 10
stage 10
Ear/Otic Placode Neural Plate/Tube Rhombomeres
Entry 16 GEISHA Id PAX2.Golden.1999 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Golden JA, Bracilovic A, McFadden KA, Beesley JS, Rubenstein JL, Grinspan JB. Ectopic bone morphogenetic proteins 5 and 4 in the chicken forebrain lead to cyclopia and holoprosencephaly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 2;96(5):2439-44. Copyright Copyright © 2012 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-23 stage 23
stage 23
Eye Mesonephros Midbrain
Entry 17 GEISHA Id PAX2.Watanabe.2009 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Watanabe T, Sato Y, Saito D, Tadokoro R, Takahashi Y. EphrinB2 coordinates the formation of a morphological boundary and cell epithelialization during somite segmentation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 May 5; 106(18): 74677472. Copyright Copyright 2009 national Academy of Sciences USA Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI (acc #NM_204793.1 ).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 7-12 stage 12
stage 12
Intermediate Mesoderm Somites
Entry 18 GEISHA Id PAX2.Christophorou.2009 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Christophorou NA, Bailey AP, Hanson S, Streit A. Activation of Six1 target genes is required for sensory placode formation. Dev Biol. 2009 Dec 15;336(2):327-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.09.025. Epub 2009 Sep 23. Copyright Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI NM_204793.1
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 4 stage 4
stage 4
Midbrain
Entry 19 GEISHA Id PAX2.Hirashima.2008 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Hirashima M, Kobayashi T, Uchikawa M, Kondoh H, Araki M. Anteroventrally localized activity in the optic vesicle plays a crucial role in the optic development. Dev Biol. 2008 May 15;317(2):620-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.03.010. Epub 2008 Mar 20. Copyright Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI NM_204793.1
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 7-11 stage 11
stage 11
Eye Isthmus/MHB
Entry 20 GEISHA Id PAX2.BrennerAnantharam.2007 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Brenner-Anantharam A, Cebrian C, Guillaume R, Hurtado R, Sun TT, Herzlinger D. Tailbud-derived mesenchyme promotes urinary tract segmentation via BMP4 signaling. Development. 2007 May;134(10):1967-75. Epub 2007 Apr 18. Copyright Copyright held by the authors. Published by the Company of Biologists Ltd. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI NM_204793.1
Entry 21 GEISHA Id PAX2.GarciaCampmany.2007 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation García-Campmany L, Martí E. The TGFbeta intracellular effector Smad3 regulates neuronal differentiation and cell fate specification in the developing spinal cord. Development. 2007 Jan;134(1):65-75. Epub 2006 Nov 30. Copyright Copyright by the authors. Published by the Company of Biologists Ltd. Comments As insufficient information is provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe, the sequence below was obtained from NCBI NM_204793.1
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 19-24 stage 20
Spinal Cord 25 stage 25
stage 25
Spinal Cord
Entry 22 GEISHA Id cPAX2.Adamska.2001 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Adamska M, Herbrand H, Adamski M, Krüger M, Braun T, Bober E. FGFs control the patterning of the inner ear but are not able to induce the full ear program. Mech Dev. 2001 Dec;109(2):303-13. Copyright Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Entry 23 GEISHA Id Pax2.Hidalgo-Sánchez.1999 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Hidalgo-Sánchez M, Millet S, Simeone A, Alvarado-Mallart RM. Comparative analysis of Otx2, Gbx2, Pax2, Fgf8 and Wnt1 gene expressions during the formation of the chick midbrain/hindbrain domain. Mech Dev 1999 Mar;81(1-2):175-8. Copyright Copyright © 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Comments Authors indicated the probe was synthesized from the full-length chicken PAX2 cDNA. Above sequence is obtained from NCBI Accession number NM_204793.1.
Entry 24 GEISHA Id Pax-2.Stark.2000 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Stark MR, Rao MS, Schoenwolf GC, Yang G, Smith D, Mauch TJ. Frizzled-4 expression during chick kidney development. Mech Dev. 2000 Nov;98(1-2):121-5. Copyright Copyright © 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793).
Entry 25 GEISHA Id PAX2.Fleming.2013 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Fleming BM, Yelin R, James RG, Schultheiss TM. A role for Vg1/Nodal signaling in specification of the intermediate mesoderm. Development. 2013 Apr;140(8):1819-29 Copyright © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793.1).
no images
Entry 26 GEISHA Id PAX2.Freter.2012 Data Source Publication Complete cDNA Template Probe show TTGCTTTCGATTGCTTTGCTTTGGTTTGTTATTTTGGGGTTTTGGGTTTTTTTTCGTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTGTTTG
Citation Freter S, Muta Y, O'Neill P, Vassilev VS, Kuraku S, Ladher RK. Pax2 modulates proliferation during specification of the otic and epibranchial placodes. Dev Dyn. 2012 Nov;241(11):1716-28 Copyright Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comments Insufficient information provided in publication to verify exact sequence used to synthesize probe. Sequence was obtained from NCBI (NM_204793.1).
Stage Image (click image to view full size) Location (click to highlight) Comments (click to highlight) 7-11 stage 11
stage 11
stage 11
Ectoderm all
Data from NCBI Unigene EST ProfileGga.313
Mouse Frog Fruit Fly Zebra Finch Zebrafish
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